dfrobot Gravity: MOSFET Power Controller

AI context

Dense context for pasting into a model prompt — addresses, pinout, voltages, tolerances and the vendor's reference circuit.

PART: DFRobot Gravity: MOSFET Power Controller, SKU DFR0457, 44 x 32 mm, mounting holes 3.1 mm inner / 6 mm outer. A single low-side N-channel power MOSFET on a Gravity carrier, meant to let a 3.3 V or 5 V GPIO switch a high-current DC load. DFRobot publishes no MOSFET part number in the product page, the wiki or the schematic (the schematic's symbol is labelled only Q1), so part is null rather than guessed.
SUPPLY: VIN operating voltage 5 V to 36 V DC. VIN operating current 0 A to 20 A, and DFRobot says to add an external heat sink above 10 A. Operating temperature -55 C to 155 C.
LOGIC LEVEL: logic operating voltage 3.3 V to 10 V DC and logic control signal 3.3 V to 10 V DC. Because the logic side is isolated from VIN by U1, the control pin follows the voltage you feed the logic connector, not the load rail.
SWITCHING: 0 to 1 kHz maximum switching frequency, with T(on) = 20 us and T(off) = 50 us stated by the vendor, so this is a DC switch, not a PWM dimmer.
PINOUT: The vendor's own table numbers 1 VIN (power input, DC 5-36 V), 2 GND, 3 VOUT (power output), and row 4 is the PH2.0-3P Gravity interface. The power terminal is P2 in the schematic and the logic connector is P1, whose pads the schematic labels 1 'Single' (control input), 2 'VCC' (logic supply), 3 'GND'; this entry continues that as pads 4-6 so no number repeats.
REFERENCE CIRCUIT: From DFRobot's schematic PDF: U1 is a 4-pin part between the logic connector and the gate drive; R1 2k and R4 470R sit on the logic side of U1, R2 3.3k and R3 33k between U1 and the gate, D1 carries a 12 V marking across the gate, and Q1 is the switching FET. The schematic names no resistor tolerance and no device type for U1 or D1.
TRAPS: (1) DFRobot states a freewheeling diode is required across inductive loads (motors, solenoids) to stop back EMF destroying the FET - it is not on the board. (2) Above 10 A the module needs an external heat sink. (3) 1 kHz is the ceiling; anything faster is outside the vendor's spec. (4) VIN's minimum is 5 V, so a 3.3 V rail cannot be switched through it.